Several German princes abandoned the Catholic Church and formed the Schmalkaldic League in order to challenge Charles' authority with military force. However, the Ottoman advance was halted after they failed to capture Vienna in 1529.Īside from this, Charles is best known for his role in opposing the Protestant Reformation. ![]() Charles' rival Suleiman the Magnificent conquered the central part of the Hungarian Kingdom in 1526 after defeating the Christians at the Battle of Mohács. Charles' forces re-captured both Milan and Franche-Comté from France after the decisive Habsburg victory at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, which pushed Francis to form the Franco-Ottoman alliance. Much of Charles' reign was devoted to the Italian Wars against France which, although enormously expensive, were militarily successful. ![]() From that point forward, his empire spanned nearly four million square kilometers across Europe, the Far East, and the Americas. In 1519, Charles became Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria. As Charles was the first king to rule Castile, León, and Aragon simultaneously in his own right, he became the first King of Spain. As the heir of three of Europe's leading dynasties-the House of Habsburg of the Habsburg Monarchy the House of Valois-Burgundy of the Burgundian Netherlands and the House of Trastámara of the Crowns of Castile and Aragon-he ruled over extensive domains in Central, Western, and Southern Europe and the Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. ![]() His grandmother was Isabella I of Castile. French 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I as Holy Roman Emperor and his son Philip II as King of Spain in 1556.Ĭharles was the eldest son of Philip the Handsome and Joanna the Mad. Croatian language: Karlo V Dutch language Karel V Italian language Carlo V Czech language Karel V. Alte Pinakothek, Munich, GermanyĬharles V (Spanish language: Carlos I German Karl V.
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